使用wpseo_opengraph_title 过滤器：

function wpse_187763_wpseo_opengraph_title( $title ) {
    if ( is_singular() && $post = get_queried_object() ) {
        if ( $_title = get_post_meta( $post->ID, \'custom_field_key\', true ) )
            $title = $_title; // Override title with custom meta title
    }

    return $title;
}

add_filter( \'wpseo_opengraph_title\', \'wpse_187763_wpseo_opengraph_title\' );

$_title = get_post_meta( $post->ID, \'custom_field_key\', true );
if ( $_title )
    $title = $_title;